Ohia pepino (ma ọ bụ melon pear) sitere na South America. Aha ya abụghị ihe mberede. Mkpụrụ ya yiri ụdị ube, kama uto dị ka egọn. Ha na-eme ka akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ gwụ ha ma nweta ume. Mkpụrụ osisi ahụ nwere ike iri nri nkịtị, gbakwunye salads, nke a mịrị amị, nke kpọnwụrụ akpọnwụ, mkpọ, kpocha mkpụrụ osisi candied ma ọ bụ jam.
Pear ube ube
Ọtụtụ ndị na-elekọta ubi na-eche banyere pepino - gịnị bụ osisi a, nke na-aghọwanye ihe na-adịbeghị anya na afọ ndị a? Culture na-ezo aka na ezinụlọ Solanaceae, dịka tomato ma ọ bụ poteto . Osisi ahụ bụ alaka, ike, ọkara arboreal shrub na elu nke aka 1.5 mita na azuokokoosisi okpukpu nke 5-7 mm. Ọ bụ nke a na-ahụkarị, toro na-emeghe ma ọ bụ na-emechi emechi.
A na-achịkọta ihe ndị a na-eme Pepin n'ihe ndị e ji eme ihe, dị ka nduku. Mkpụrụ osisi ahụ bụ creamy, yellowish ma ọ bụ oroma, anụ ahụ kpuchiri akpụkpọ ahụ na ntụpọ ntụ ntụ, mkpụrụ dị n'ime dị obere. Mkpụrụ ahụ na-atọ ụtọ na uto na uto na ihe dị nnọọ nro, nwere ogologo nke aka 17 cm na ibu nke aka 750 grams. N'ime oge site na ohia, ọ ga-ekwe omume iwepu ihe ruru 7 kilogram nke mkpụrụ osisi, na ịgha mkpụrụ n'ime ite - 5 n'arọ. Mkpụrụ ahụ na-edozi ahụ ma baa uru - ọgaranya carotene, ígwè, pectin, vitamin, ayodiin.
Pepino akara
Ube nke egusi nwere ihe puru iche abuo di iche iche nke achoputara na mpaghara ala anyi - Consuelo na Ramses. A maara ha n'etiti ndị na-elekọta ubi, ebe ọ bụ n'afọ 2000, ha na-esonyere ha na State Register dị ka ihe kachasị mma. Akụkụ nke ụdị anụ ugbo:
- Pepino Ramses . Owuwe ihe ubi, na-eto eto n'oge gboo, na-eguzogide ihe ndị dị njọ. Ya ị ga-eguzobe, mgbanwe, akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na violet impregnations. Mkpụrụ osisi nwere agba odocha, ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ihe a na-apụghị imeri emeri, orange pulp, dị arọ 750. Mgbe ụfọdụ ha na-enwe uto ire ụtọ, ma egosikwa egọn.
- Pepino Consuelo . Nakwa ikwenye ekwenye, mana obere ihe na-eguzogide ọgwụ dị iche iche, nke na-esite na njedebe. Osisi nwere ihe dị egwu na-abaghị uru lilac ị ga - agbanye ruo mita 2 n'ogologo. Akwụkwọ na-eyi akwa efere. Mkpụrụ nke Consuelo dị ọcha, ha nwere odo odo na-acha odo odo. Isi ihe dị iche iche dị iche iche dị iche iche bụ àgwà dị mma nke pepino dịka mkpụrụ. Ọ nwere ụtọ na uto uto, yiri nke melon. Ọ bụrụ na mkpụrụ ahụ na-eto, ọ na-adọrọ nnọọ adọrọ nke na ọ nwere ike ịṅụ mmanya dị ka ihe ọṅụṅụ site na ahịhịa. Mkpụrụ ndị dị ntakịrị karịa nke Ramses, ha dị elu ruru 620 grams.
Kedu ka esi eto pepino?
Pepino zuru oke dị mfe ịzụlite na enyemaka nke osisi ma ọ bụ cuttings. Ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụ omenala dị ogologo, ọ na-ewe mgbọrọgwụ kwa afọ, dịka a na-eme ya na tomato ma ọ bụ ose. Osisi ahụ hụrụ anyanwụ na ọkụ n'anya, site na ịkụ mkpụrụ osisi na-ewe 4-5 ọnwa. Okpomoku kachasị mma maka mmekorita nke pepino, na-eto mkpụrụ dị otú ahụ n'ụlọ bụ 18-25 Celsius C. Na okpomọkụ n'elu 26 Celsius C, mkpụrụ osisi ahụ apụghị tie.
Pepino - na-eto site na osisi
Iji nweta mkpụrụ na-eto eto nke pepino site na mkpụrụ osisi na May, akuku amalite na November-December. A na-efesa mkpụrụ ndị ahụ na ala na-adịghị ọcha. Iji chebe mmiri, a na-ekpuchi osisi ndị ahụ na fim. Seedlings na squashed mgbe 5-7 ụbọchị. N'oge a, mkpanaka mkpa ìhè ọkụ mgbe niile. Na mpaghara nke 2-3 epupụta, ndị seedlings na-etinye na iko, na-amụba na cotyledons na-ekpuchi na a film. A na- ebelata azụ azụ ruo awa 14 n'ụbọchị, na-abata na March ọ kwụsịrị kpamkpam. Site na mgbe ọdịda na mbara ala, ndị Ome ga-eru 10 cm n'ịdị elu na-etolite 8 epupụta.
Mmeputakwa nke pepino site na cuttings
Na-eto ma na-eme ka egusi egusi buru ibu na ndi ozo kacha mma. Kwa afọ ka ị na-eto mkpụrụ ahụ n'onwe gị, ị ga-enwerịrị shrub. A na-ebufe osisi ahụike a họọrọ na mgbụsị akwụkwọ gaa na tub ma weta n'ime ụlọ ahụ. Ome belata ya site na otu ụzọ atọ, a na-ebelata mmiri, a ghaghị idebe ohia na okpomọkụ nke + 8 Celsius. Ná ngwụsị oge oyi, a na-etinye tank ahụ n'ime ụlọ nwere ọnọdụ + 16 Celsius, na-amụba ịgbara.
Na ajụjụ a, mgbe mkpụrụ nke pepino, ndị ọrụ ugbo nwere ahụmahụ zara - na etiti February. Site n 'ugha ajuju, ihe apical nke uzo ya na akwukwo asaa di iche iche. A na-ewepụ ala dị ala, a na-etinye Ome ahụ na mmiri, mgbe ụbọchị 5-7 gachara, mgbọrọgwụ ndị a na-atụgharị na ha. Mgbe ahụ, a na-akụ mkpụrụ osisi na iko ndị nwere ike iji mmiri wepu mmiri, a na-elekọta ha tupu oge mbubata n'ime mkpụrụ.
Pepino - lekọta
A na-etolite eghe eghe na griin haus, na-emeghe ala ma ọ bụ n'ite akụ na oke lita 5. N'ime griinye mechiri emechi, a na-akụ mkpụrụ osisi na etiti Eprel, nke a ga-enye ohere iji mee ka ahịhịa nke osisi ahụ dị ogologo ma nweta owuwe ihe ubi n'oge owuwe ihe ubi. N'ime oghere a gbachiri agbachi, ọ dị mfe ịkụ osisi - n'ebe ahụ ị nwere ike ịgbanwe ọnọdụ okpomọkụ ahụ. Na ala na-emeghe oghere nke melan pear kụrụ mgbe e mesịrị - na May, ebe ihe ize ndụ nke frosts nocturnal na-aghọ ntakịrị. Mgbe a jụrụ ya otú e si esi zụlite anụ ụlọ n'ụlọ, a gwara ya ka o jiri osisi na-ekpo ọkụ kpoo ite na ohia. Omenala chọrọ ikuku na ìhè anyanwụ.
Kedu otu esi esi kpoo pepino?
Tupu ịgha mkpụrụ ahụ pulite ka mma iji mee ihe ngwọta nke potassium permanganate. Pepino - eru eru na nlekọta:
- A na-edozi ahịrị ndị dị n'etiti ha nke 70 cm;
- a na-etinye fatịlaịza: compost 4 kg / m 2;
- seedlings na-kụrụ staggered iji nke mere na e nwere ọdịiche nke 50 cm n'etiti bushes;
- A na-ehicha mkpụrụ osisi ma jiri ala kpọrọ nkụ gbanye ya. Nke a na-ebelata ikpochapu mmiri, ma mezie ọnọdụ maka uto nke pulite;
- mma ọdịda na mgbede.
Osisi egusi nke pepino - ala
Ohia nke melon pear na-eche nke ọma na ala na-anọpụ iche acidity, ọma aerated. Ala kwesiri inwe oke mmanu nitrogen, nke na-eme ka oganihu siri ike nke mkpuru osisi na-efu ego. Ndị kachasị mma nke pepino na mba ahụ bụ eyịm, kukumba, agwa , garlic. Mgbe owuwe ihe ubi nke owuwe ihe ubi oge ochie, ala na-egwu ala, kpochasị ata na foduru nke mgbọrọgwụ.
N'oge ọdịda, a na-etinye n'ime nri na nri na-esi nri na ịnweta ọgwụ. N'oge opupu ihe ubi, ala na-alaghachi na-etinye mmiri n'ime ya. A na-ebu ugbo ube kwa ọnwa. A na-eme ihe nlekota nke ọma 10-14 ụbọchị mgbe ịchọtara, nke abụọ - mgbe mkpụrụ ahụ jikọtara, mgbe ahụ - kwa izu abụọ. Osisi ahụ na-anabata nri (1: 7), ma ọ bụ nri nnụnụ (1:20).
Pepino na windowsill - atọ
Mgbe ị na-ekpebi ịzụlite pepino n'ụlọ, ọ ka mma idobe ya na windo sill nke ndịda, ebe ọ bụ na ọ dị mma n'anya. Iji mmiri mechie pear na-emeghe ma ọ bụ n'ime n'ime ya, ọ dị mkpa n'ụzọ kwesịrị ekwesị - ọ naghị ewepụ mmiri na ọ na-adị mfe ịnwụ na mgbọrọgwụ ya. Debe ala ala ụbọchị ole na ole, ịkwesighi ikwe ka ọ kpoo - n'otu oge ahụ obere mgbọrọgwụ na-apụ n'anya, osisi ahụ na-atụpụkwa akwụkwọ na ovary. A na-awụ mmiri ose, ọ bụrụ na ájá ájá akpọnwụwo ruo omimi nke 1 cm. Na mberede mgbanwe nke iru mmiri, mkpụrụ nwere ike ịgbawa.
Mgbe Pepino Consuelo na-agba?
Na-eji okooko egusi egosisi meela 70-85 ụbọchị mgbe ntulitechara. Corollas na pepin yiri nke nduku. A na-achịkọta ọtụtụ okooko osisi dị iche iche, ruo pasent 20 na nke ọ bụla. Ihe ndị ahụ na-acha ọcha na lilac. A na-eke mkpụrụ osisi site na njedebe nke March ruo May. Osisi a na-emetọ onwe ya, ma ọ bụ ihe amamihe dị na ya ịmegharị ya nke ọma maka ịmị mkpụrụ ahụ n'oge okooko. N'ọnwa June, mgbe ụbọchị gafere ogologo oge ma ọnọdụ okpomọkụ na-arị elu, a dịghịzi edozi ovary ahụ.
Na-eche ihe mere Pepino anaghị agba oge, ọ dị mkpa ka ị mara na ọdịbendị a bụ okpomọkụ, ma ọ dị mkpa maka ụfọdụ microclimate. Ọnọdụ kacha mma maka usoro ovary bụ 20-25 degrees. Ọ dị mfe ịmepụta ha na griin haus. Mgbe ị na-elekọta osisi na mbara ala, enwere nsogbu. Sultry summer at +30? C osisi anaghị eto ma ọ bụ na ya na-acha ọcha corollas na-guzobere, nke nanị crumble. A na-eke mkpụrụ osisi naanị na buds na ọnyá lilac.
Ọ bụrụ na ọnọdụ ahụ dị mma, a ga - enwe obi ụtọ na mkpụrụ osisi mịrị na September. Site na mgbe okooko osisi dị ka mkpụrụ osisi na-ewe ọnwa 2.5-3. Site na oge a, ha na-adụ nro, na-acha odo odo ma ọ bụ na-acha odo odo, na bee na-egosi ọnyá lilac siri ike. Mkpụrụ osisi tozuru okè na mkpịsị aka na-adị mfe, ọbụna karịa tomato. A ghaghị iwepu mkpụrụ osisi na oge - ntakịrị obere ube na-ebili na refrjiraeto, ebe ọ nwere ike ịchekwa ya ruo ọnwa abụọ.
Kedu mgbe m ga-amalite na mpi?
Ọhụụ na-ekpuchi ịgha mkpụrụ nke pepino melon (egusi) - pasynkovanie na eriri nke osisi. Omenala siri ike n'osisi ma na-eme ọtụtụ usoro. A ga-ewepụ ntụpụ ụkwụ ma ọ bụrụ na ha ruru n'ogo 3-5 cm. N'okpuru ị ga-ahapụ obere penechki (0.5-1 cm), nke na-egbochi ọdịdị nke ome ọhụrụ na mkpụrụ osisi ahụ. A na-agwa ntu ọhịa ka ị na-ezukọta oge niile - kwa izu.
Mgbe a kụrụ osisi ahụ, n'elu akwa ị ga-achọ idozi ihe nkwado (ọkpọkọ, akwa akwa, mkpọ osisi) nke dị elu ruo 80 cm. Ka esi na-eto eto, a na-ekekọta ha na trellises. Umu a na-achoputaghi na pasynkovaniya n'okpuru ndu nke wilts nke aka ya, na-agbasa n'ala, alaka ya wee gbanye mgbọrọgwụ ma ghara ịmị mkpụrụ. Nwepụta ohia na nkwekorita ka omenala na-eji ezigbo anyanwụ eme ihe.
Ọrịa nke pepino
Pepino na-emetụta ọrịa na nje ndị na-egosi tomato, eggplants na-ede ede. Nsogbu ndị isi na ịkụ mkpụrụ:
- Achịcha ndị bụ isi bụ aphids, whitefly, Colorado ebe. Na chemical agents megide ha na-etinye: ụmụ ahụhụ (Actellik, Confidor, Fosbitsid) maka mbibi nke whiteflies na aphids; Acaricides (Carbofos) site na nchara ududo.
- Kpoo ube ugbo na oria: Ome weghaara "nwa ogu", nke mere na nke a adighi eme, nkpuru ahu bu ihe ndi mmadu na-achota.
- Mgbe ala ahụ na-egbuke egbuke, mgbọrọgwụ mgbọrọgwụ yiri ka ọ ga-ekpochapụ ọrịa ahụ, ọ dị mkpa iji nsị sulfate kọọ ala, dochie ala ala dị elu nke nwere ala ọhụrụ, belata mmiri.
- Na ọkara nke abụọ nke ahịhịa ndụ, shrub nwere ike imeri phytophthora. Kpoo ya site n'enyemaka nke mmiri ara ehi ma ọ bụ ọgwụ Fitosporin - mmiri otu ugboro n'izu.
- Osisi ahụ nwere ike ịdaba na nje virus nke na-egbuke egbuke: pepino na-eme ka okpukpu kpoo, ihe ndị ahụ emetụtara na-agbaji ma na-agbagọ. A naghị emeso virus ahụ, ụzọ bụ isi iji gbochie mmepụta ya bụ iwepụ ohia.
Enweghị ọgwụ ọjọọ iji lụso ọrịa ọgụ na pests maka pepino, n'ihi na a na-ejikwa otu aka ahụ na-echebe tomato, eggplant na osisi nightshade ndị ọzọ. Ka ị ghara iji kemistị, ị nwere ike ime ka infusion nke ụtaba, yarrow, garlic ma ọ bụ peel nke eyịm ma na-ekpo pepino site na sprayer otu ugboro n'izu. Tupu ị zipụ ihe ntinye nwa maka oyi, ọ ghaghị ịme ka ọ ghara ikpuchi ya.