Chineke na-agba gburugburu ụwa. Dị ọcha dị ka camphor, nnukwu ma dị egwu, na-ebibi ụyọkọ kpakpando na iwe ya, na-eme ebere nye ndị niile a na-amaghị - ihe a nile bụ, nke na-emegide Mahadev. Onyenwe Shiva - ibi n'ugwu nsọ Kailas, onye kacha ochie n'ime chi dị iche iche nke Hindu, na Shaivism bụ otu n'ime okpukpe kachasị asọpụrụ na India.
Shiva - onye bu nka?
N'okwu ọdịnala nke Hindu, e nwere echiche nke Trimurti, ma ọ bụ Triad Triad, nke na-agụnye ọdịnala isi atọ nke Onye Kasị Elu: Brahma (Onye okike nke eluigwe na ala) - Vishnu (onye na-elekọta) Shiva (onye nbibi). Na nsụgharị si Sanskrit शिव Shiva bụ "amara," "ezigbo ọdịdị," "enyi na enyi." N'India, chi Shiva bụ otu n'ime ndị a hụrụ n'anya ma na-asọpụrụ. A kwenyere na ịkpọ ya abụghị ihe siri ike, Onye ọ bụla na-abịa ịzọpụta ya, ọ bụ chi nwere ọmịiko. Na ngosipụta kachasị elu, na-eme ka ụkpụrụ nwoke na ibe ya dị elu na nghọta dị elu nke mmadụ.
Ihe odide nke Shiva Purana na-anọchi anya Shiva, onye nwere 1008 aha nke pụtara mgbe Chineke pụtara n'ihu ndị mmadụ dị iche iche. Imeghachi aha nke Shiva - kpochapụ uche na iwusi onye ahu ike n'ezi ihe. Ndị a ma ama n'ime ha bụ:
- Pashupati (otu n'ime oge ochie) bụ onye na-achị achị na nna anụmanụ;
- Rudra (nke na-egbuke egbuke) - na-eme ka mmadụ bụrụ iwe, na-eweta ọrịa, ma na-agwọ ha;
- Mahadev bụ onye kasị ukwuu, chi nke chi;
- Mahesvara - Onye ukwu;
- Nataraja - Shiva bụ eze dị iche iche nke ịgba egwu;
- Shambhu - eweta obi uto;
- Ishvara bụ Onyenwe anyị n'ebube Chineke;
- Kamari bụ onye nbibi ọchịchọ;
- Maha Yogi - Nnukwu Ndụ, na-etinye mmụọ nke ịṅụbiga mmanya ókè (nke ndị yo yo nke ụwa na-asọpụrụ);
- Hara bụ onye mbibi ahụ;
- Triyambaka nwere anya atọ.
Ụmụ nwanyị hypostasis nke Shiva
Onu ogugu nke Shiva ahu bu aru nwanyi (ike) nke Shakti. Shiva na Shakti bụ ndị na-enweghị ike ịkọwa. Chi di iche iche bu chi Shiva-Shakti dika chi chi di iche iche bu umuaka nwanyi na-egbu egbu nke ike imebi nke Shiva. N'India, Kali dị nsọ, onyinyo ya na-emenye ụjọ: akpụkpọ anụ-acha anụnụ anụnụ, ire ọbara ọbara na-agbapụ, okpukpu ụkwụ nke okpukpu 50 (nlọghachi azụ). N'otu aka, mma agha, n'isi nke abụọ nke Mahisha, onye isi nke asura. Aka abụọ nke ọzọ na-agọzi ndị na-eso ụzọ ma chụpụ ụjọ. Kali - uwa-Nne na-emepụta ma na-ebibi ihe nile n'ime agba egwu ya na egwu.
Ihe nnọchianya nke Shiva
Ihe oyiyi nke Mahadev jupụtara n'ọtụtụ akara, ihe ọ bụla nke ọdịdị ya nwere ihe dị mkpa. Ihe kacha mkpa bụ ihe ịrịba ama nke Shiva - lingam. Na Shiva Purana, lingam bụ phallus nke sitere n'aka Chineke, bụ isi iyi nke ihe niile dị n'eluigwe na ala. Ihe nnọchianya ahụ na-adabere na yoni (akpa nwa) - na-akpọ Parvati, onye di na nwunye na mama nke ihe niile dị ndụ. Àgwà ndị ọzọ-ihe nnọchianya nke Chineke dị mkpa:
- Anya atọ nke Shiva (Sun, Moon, symbol of Fire) bụ ọkara ụzọ - ngwụsị nke ndụ, mgbe nkuchianya na-emechi, e bibiri ha, mgbe ahụ ka ụwa na-emeghachi, anya na-emeghe - usoro ndụ nke ụwa.
- Uwe - gbagwojiri anya dika otu ihe nke Jatu, njikọ nke ike n'anwe, uche, nke ime mmuo; Ọnwa na ntutu - na-achịkwa uche, Osimiri Ganges - na-ekpuchi mmehie.
- Damaru (ogbi) bụ ihe na-eme ka ụwa niile na-eteta. N'aka aka nri nke Shiva, imeputa mgba na amaghị ihe na-enye amamihe.
- Cobra - agbakwunyere n'olu: oge gara aga, ugbu a, ọdịnihu - ebighi ebi n'otu oge.
- Trident (trishula) - ihe, ihe ọmụma, edemede.
- Rudraksha (anya Rudra) bụ mkpụrụ nke osisi osisi na-enweghị atụ, ọmịiko na mwute banyere ndị mmadụ.
- Tilaka (tripurpur), ụzọ okpukpu atọ nke ntu na ọkpọiso, akpịrị na ubu abụọ bụ ihe nnọchianya nke imeri ihe ọmụma ụgha banyere onwe ya, njirisi nke Maya na ọnọdụ nke karma.
- Bull Nandi bụ enyi kwesịrị ntụkwasị obi, ihe nnọchianya nke ụwa na ike, ụgbọ nke chi.
- Akpụ nke agu bụ mmeri ihe ọjọọ.
Kedu ka Shiva si pụta?
Amalitere ọmụmụ Shiva n'ọtụtụ ihe omimi, ihe odide oge ochie nke Shivaite Puranas na-akọwa ọtụtụ nsụgharị nke ọdịdị nke chi:
- N'oge Brahma si na kpakpando Vishnu , ndị mmụọ ọjọọ nọ nso ma gbalịa igbu Brahma, ma Vishnu were iwe, ọtụtụ ndị agha Shiva pụtara site n'agbata ihu abụọ ma gbuo ndị asura.
- Brahma nwere ụmụ nwoke 4 ndị na-achọghị ịmị ụmụ, mgbe ahụ nwatakịrị nwere akpụ na-acha anụnụ anụnụ pụtara n'agbata anya anya nke ụmụ Brahma iwe. Nwa okoro ahụ dara mkpu ma rịọ maka aha, ọnọdụ mmadụ. Brahma nyere ya aha 11, abụọ n'ime ha bụ Rudra na Shiva. Ihe iri na otu, n'ime otu n'ime ha, Shiva - chi a na-asọpụrụ site na iri atọ nke nnukwu, tinyere Brahma na Vishnu.
- Brahma, na ntụgharị uche dị omimi, rịọrọ maka ọdịdị nke nwa nwoke, dị ka oke. Nwatakịrị ahụ gburu ikpere n'akụkụ Brahma ma malite ịgba ọsọ gburugburu onye ahụ kere ya ka ọ rịọ maka aha ahụ. Rudra! "Brahma kwuru, ma nke ahụ ezughi maka nwatakịrị ahụ, ọ gbapụrụ ma tie mkpu ruo mgbe Brahma nyere ya 10 aha na ọtụtụ ọrụ.
Mama Shiva
A na - akpọ aha Shiva dị iche iche na aha Vishnu na Brahma. Ịmụ Akwụkwọ na aha aha nke onye na-ebibi Chineke, jụọ maka nne Shiva. Ònye ka ọ bu? N'ime ihe odide ochie dị nsọ nke ruru ndị mmadụ, ọ dịghị aha maka nwanyị hypostasis nke nwanyị nwanyị nke ga-enwe ihe ọ bụla jikọrọ ya na ọmụmụ nke nnukwu Mahadev. Shiva bụ onye a mụrụ site n'aka onye ahụ nke Brahma, ọ nweghị nne.
Kedu ihe dị ize ndụ maka chi Shiva?
Ụdị nke Mahadeva bụ mmadụ abụọ: onye ahụ na-ebibi ihe. A ghaghị ibibi eluigwe na ụwa na njedebe nke usoro ahụ, ma mgbe Shiva bụ chi na iwe, eluigwe na ala nwere ike ibibi n'oge ọ bụla. Ya mere, ọ bụ mgbe nwunye Sati gbara ọkụ. Shiva kere chi nke ọbara. A na-edegharị Siva dị iche iche a na-eji ngwá agha na hypozaa nke Virohadra na ọtụtụ puku ndị yiri ya wee gaa n'obí Dakshi (nna Sati) iwe iwe. Ala "riri mmiri" na ọbara, anyanwụ dara, ma mgbe iwe kwụsịrị, Shiva mere ka ndị nwụrụ anwụ dị ndụ, ebe isi nke Daksha na-etinye isi ewu.
Nwunye Chi Shiva
Shakti bụ ike nwanyi, nke na-enweghị ike ịpịpụta Shiva, ma ọ bụghị Brahman, enweghị àgwà. Nwunye Shiva bụ Shakti n'ime anụ ụwa. A na-ele oge a anya dị ka nwunye mbụ, n'ihi na nna ya bụ Daksha na-eweda ya ala ma na-eweda ya ala, o jiri onwe ya chụọ àjà n'onwe ya. Emeghachiri oge izu na Parvati, ma Mahadev nwere mwute nke na ọ chọghị ịtụgharị uche ruo ọtụtụ afọ. Parvati (Uma, Gauri) mere ihe dị omimi karịa merie chi ahụ. N'akuku mbibi ya, ndi chi nwanyị chi, Kali, Durga, Shyama, Chanda na-anọchite anya Parvati.
Ụmụ Shiva
Ezinụlọ Shiva bụ ụdị Shankar, nke bụ ihe omuma nke na-eche banyere ụwa. Ụmụ Shiva na Parvati na-atụle ihe gbasara ihe na ihe ime mmụọ:
- Skanda (Kartikeya) nwa Shiva - chi nke agha , a mụrụ ya nke ukwuu na mgbe ọ dị afọ 6, ọ meriri asura Tarak.
- Ganesha bụ chi nke nwere isi elephant, a na-asọpụrụ ya dịka chi nke akụ na ụba.
- Nwa nwanyi Narmada Shiva n'echiche di omimi: na ntụgharị uche miri emi n'ugwu Armakut, Mahadev kewapuru onwe ya onwe ya dika ike nke gbanwere na nwa agbataghiri Narmada, osimiri di nsọ nye ndi Hindu.
Ụgha nke Shiva
E nwere ọtụtụ akụkọ ntụrụndụ na akụkọ ntolite banyere nnukwu Shiva, nke dabeere n'ihe odide sitere na nsọ maka akụkụ Akwụkwọ Nsọ Hindu nke Mahabharata, Bhagavad-gita, Shiva Purana. Otu n'ime akụkọ ndị a na-ekwu: mgbe ọ na-agbagha mmiri mmiri ara ehi, arịa nke na-esi n'olulu mmiri pụta. Chi dị egwu na nsi ahụ ga-ebibi ndụ niile. Shiva, n'ihi ọmịiko, ṅụọ mmanya ahụ, Parvati jidere ya n'olu iji gbochie ọkpụkpụ ahụ ịbanye n'ime afọ. Ebube Siva acha uhie uhie - Nilakantha (sineshey), bu otu aha nke Chineke.
Shiva na Buddha - enwere akụkọ banyere nke a, nke na-ekwu na n'otu n'ime ọrụ ya, Buddha (Namparzig) mụtara banyere amụma ahụ: ọ bụrụ na ọ dị ọzọ dịka Bodhisattva - nke a agaghị abara ụwa uru, ma bụrụ nke Mahadev - a ga-enwe nnukwu ụwa mma. Na Buddha Tibet, Shiva bụ onye nchebe nke ozizi ahụ ma mee usoro nke "mmalite nke Shiva."